Term 2 Week 3

This week we learnt about the states of matter with regards to heat as well as how to explain their conversions with kinetic particle theory. We also learnt how to interpret graphs regarding heat gain or loss over time.


Internal energy is the combination of the total kinetic and potential energy of particles in a body.
Kinetic energy is due to the vibration and translation of particles. Temperature is a measure of the amount of kinetic energy for a certain amount of an object or body.
Potential energy is stored like a spring-the attractive forces between particles are stretched and compressed accordingly.

Kinetic particle theory explanations-model answers:

In explaining a change in state with kinetic particle theory there are 4 sections:

• describe the amount of a type of energy lost
• movement and arrangement of particles
• threshold as to the forces between the individual particles
• description of final state

Melting

•When a solid is heated, the particles absorb heat energy

•The particles gain kinetic energy

•Start to vibrate faster

•And move further apart

•At melting point, enough potential energy to overcome the strong forces of attraction

•The particles start to break away from one another

•solid becomes a liquid

•At the liquid state, the particles start to roll and slide over one another

Freezing

•When a liquid is cooled, the particles lose heat energy

•The particles lose kinetic energy

•slide and roll less vigorously

•At freezing point, particles have not enough potential energy  to overcome the strong forces of attraction holding them together.

•particles start to come together in a regular arrangement and the liquid becomes a solid.

Boiling

•When a liquid is heated, the particles absorb heat energy

•The particles gain kinetic energy

•Slide over each other more rapidly

•the particles gain sufficient potential energy to overcome the attractive forces between the particles

•And move far apart rapidly in all directions

•Forming a gas